Tubal blockage refers to a condition where one or both fallopian tubes are obstructed, preventing the egg from traveling from the ovaries to the uterus for fertilization. This blockage can occur due to various reasons, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by infections such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, previous surgeries in the pelvic area, endometriosis, or adhesions from conditions like appendicitis.

Symptoms may not always be present, but some women experience pelvic pain or infertility. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests such as hysterosalpingography (HSG), which uses contrast dye and X-rays to visualize the fallopian tubes, or laparoscopy for a direct view of the pelvic organs.

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the blockage. Options may include surgical procedures like tubal surgery to repair the tubes or remove scar tissue, or assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) to bypass the fallopian tubes altogether. Early detection and appropriate treatment can improve chances of achieving pregnancy for affected women.